There are rules when it comes to navigating Web sites. The site’s designer establishes the rules, and ensures the rules are clear for users, consistent throughout the site, and in line with accepted navigation principles.

For example, blogs have links that allow users to jump from one article to another. The designer may choose to use arrows to reinforce the message. The arrow therefore becomes a rule, in the sense that it:

• Is clear for users (in any context, arrows indicate a direction, a change)
• Conforms to the Web standards (arrows on the Web also indicate a change, just think of the Back and Forward buttons in every browser since Mosaic)
• Is consistent throughout the site, i.e., always means the same thing

Traffic rules adhere to similar principles and apply them in the strictest sense. Ever since I started designing Web ergonomics, I’ve found myself studying and admiring signs, lights, and symbols. I’d like to share some of the ones that have impressed me most for their simplicity and elegance.

1. The amber (yellow) light
   Probably the most interesting traffic light of all as it is not part of the initial problem, but it is a clever part of the solution. Let me explain: Basically, the need for traffic lights boils down to this: two lanes intersect and one of these lanes must clearly —but temporarily—have the right of way. At first glance, there are only two possible states: open or closed, and both lanes cannot be in the same state at the same time. Switching states is inevitable. If the light goes straight from green to red, it is impossible for vehicles too close to the intersection (or already in the intersection) to stop safely. Thus the need for the yellow light: You have to stop (like for a red light), unless you don’t have enough time. Brilliant!

2. The “Dead End” sign
   This sign serves no purpose security-wise, its appeal lies in its ability to prevent frustration. It indicates that there is no way out at the other end: “You can come in if you want to, but you’re going to have to turn around to get out.” The kind of information you appreciate knowing beforehand.
3. The lines dividing lanes
   They are exquisite graphically speaking, and the rules governing them are simple and flexible. Two basic rules: a solid line cannot be crossed, a broken line can. Once you have that down, just mix and match: two solid lines, two broken lines, solid for one lane and broken for the other, or vice versa. The line changes and evolves with the road, but the rules are always crystal clear.

These three gems don’t necessarily apply to Web ergonomics, but I think they are good examples to follow. Some day, a “yellow light” will be a good solution to a problem. Another time, there will be a need for flexibility, and the painted lines on the road will serve as a good guide. What’s important is to keep an open mind and to find inspiration in every aspect of your life.

Bonus

I had trouble deciding on my top three —so here are three more:

• It screams, it’s bright, it has flashing lights—it’s the emergency vehicle! When this vehicle comes barrelling down the road, traffic parts like the Red Sea before Moses. Divine. And a good example of life in society.
• The turn signal (a.k.a. “flasher” or “blinker”) is designed to alert those around us of our next move. Interesting fact: it’s especially useful when you’d least expect it. It’s often when you think you’re alone on the road that the vehicles around you most need to know you’re about to change lanes.
• Brake lights indicate that the driver is applying the brakes. It gives the drivers behind you a chance to react before the difference in speed is even noticeable.